Distinguish Rape of a child and Sodomy on a child

This article belongs to the series on comparison and differentiation of crimes and acts. Today, I shall distinguish the crimes of "Child rape” and “Sodomy on a child" pursuant to Article 112 and Article 115 of the 1999's Criminal Code.
In fact, several law students are confused and fail to differentiate those crimes. This article shall clarify the issue.

Rape of a child
Sodomy on a child
Perpetrator From 14 years of age From 18 years of age
Victim Less than 16 years of age From 13 to less than 16 years of age
Penalty
- Sexual intercourse (whether consensual or coercive) with a child aged below 13: Imprisonment for 12 to 20 years, life imprisonment or death
- Coercion of a victim (aged 13 to below 16) into sexual intercourse: Imprisonment for 7 to 15 years.		 Sexual intercourse (consensual): imprisonment for 1 to 5 years.
Aggravation A crime committed in the following aggravating circumstances shall be punishable by 12 to 20 years of imprisonment: 
- Incest;
- Crime committed against a person whom the perpetrator is responsible for caring, educating or treating;
- Impregnation of the victim;
- Cause damage to the victim's health by 31% to 60%;
- Dangerous repetition.
A crime committed in the following aggravating circumstances shall be punishable by 3 to 10 years of imprisonment:
- Incest;
- Crime committed against a person whom the perpetrator is responsible for caring, educating or treating;
- Impregnation of the victim;
- Damage to the victim's health by 31% to 60%;
- Dangerous repetition.
A crime committed in the following aggravating circumstances shall be punishable by no less than 20 years of imprisonment, life imprisonment or death:
- Organized crime;
- Crime against multiple individuals;
- Gang rape;
- Continuous repetition;
- Cause damage to the victim's health by 61% or more;
- The perpetrator deliberately commits the crime though being knowingly infected with HIV;
- Cause the death or suicide of the victim.
A crime committed in the following aggravating circumstances shall be punishable by 7 to 15 years of imprisonment:
- The perpetrator deliberately commits the crime though being knowingly infected with HIV;
- Cause damage to the victim's health by 61% or more;
Additional penalty Prohibition against holding a position or practicing an occupation in 01 to 05 years Not defined

Source: http://danluat.thuvienphapluat.vn/phan-biet-toi-hiep-dam-tre-em-va-toi-giao-cau-voi-tre-em-153330.aspx#449963

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